Biochemical Engineering By D G Rao Free Download.55

The uses of decellularized synthetic scaffolds in tissue engineering are now in the early stages of development. These have been used to create artificial scaffolds that can be used for a variety of tissue regeneration and development. Although these applications have been limited, the future possibilities for using decellularized synthetic scaffolds in tissue engineering and regeneration are unlimited. Following the initial tissue decellularization using toxic chemicals, the next step is to combine the decellularized matrix with living cells. To date, however, little has been reported regarding the next steps in the process, for example, the use of methods to culture and maintain cells attached to the tissue scaffold. Cell growth and differentiation are also critical features of tissue engineering, and it is clear that decellularized natural scaffolds are not always effective in this regard. This is true for a variety of tissues including the heart, blood vessels, cartilage, bones and soft tissues, and so on. Decellularized synthetic scaffolds may not only provide a matrix to which cells can attach and grow, but also may help to control the differentiation of cells into different tissues.

biochemical engineering by d g rao free download.55

Ozturk et al. [ 162 ] reported that glutathione-sulfated chitosan (GSH-CS) nanoparticles (GSH-NPs) that were prepared by ionic crosslinking using the aqueous solution of GSH-CS could be used as a sustained delivery system of a hydrophobic drug, curcumin (Cur). GSH-CS-Cur nano-formulation showed significantly higher efficiency in drug absorption. Significant amounts of Cur were rapidly absorbed from the gastrointestinal (GI) tract and were incorporated efficiently into the systemic circulation. This offered an improved utilization of curcumin and enhanced its bioavailability. Also, it was demonstrated that the administration of GSH-CS-Cur nanoformulation in vivo decreased the biofilm formation in the mouse model of Pseudomonas aeruginosa (PA) infection, and the pharmacokinetic profile of Cur-GSH-NPs was superior to that of the free Cur, in that systemic Cur levels were more sustained and the onset of adverse effects of Cur was delayed. This suggested that the development of GSH-CS-Cur nanoformulation could be a promising alternative in the management of PA biofilm infections.